Mix a Chiaroscuro Flesh Tone Palette in Acrylic Paint

Chiaroscuro portrait of old woman said to be the artist's mother. Rembrandt van Rijn, 1629. Oil on canvas

Using a thoroughly modern medium like acrylic paint, doesn't mean you can't get the classic look of chiaroscuro.

​I share my workflow for a chiaroscuro palette for flesh tones in acrylic paint.
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​Chiaroscuro means strong contrast between light and dark. It was used by Renaissance and Baroque painters to create volume when painting three-dimensional objects and figures.

I've been desperate to master this effect in acrylics. For the skin tones in my last piece, I finally achieved the look I was aiming for - and it was a lot simpler than I imagined.
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Roger de Piles Flesh Tone Palette

The inspiration for my acrylic chiaroscuro palette came from an extract from Roger de Piles Les Élémens de Peinture Pratique, (The Elements of Painting Practice) written in 1684 which I found whilst researching natural pigments. 
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The book is based on the notes de Piles made whilst translating Charles Alphonse Du Fresnoy’s De Arte Graphica (1668) from Latin to French.

Roger de Piles (pronounced 'day peel') was a French painter, engraver, art critic and diplomat who lived in the latter part of the 17th century. De Piles introduced the term 'clair-obscur' (chiaro­scuro), to highlight the effect of color in accentuating the tension between light and dark in a painting during his famous defence of Rubens in his book Dialogue sur le Coloris (Dialogue on Colours).

The website where I found the extract used examples of colours from their own oil colour range - the Roger de Piles Flesh Tone Palette but of course I needed to find acrylic equivalents. Several days of research later, I emerged with my own acrylic chiaroscuro flesh tone palette.
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Acrylic Substitutes for 17th Century Oil Colours

My challenge was not only to find acrylic equivalents to the original earth pigment oil paints but to do so using the colours I already had in my studio.
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• Lead White - I had Titanium White or Gesso so I went for Gesso being more opaque with a bit more cream hue than Titanium
• Lemon Ochre - I had Yellow Ochre
• Venetian Red - Burnt Sienna seemed an ideal substitute
• Vermilion - for this bright, orange red I mixed Orange-yellow and Dark Cadmium Red but Light Cadmium Red would be ideal
• Madder Lake - Alizarin Crimson
• Italian Sienna - Raw Sienna
• Verona Green Earth - I mixed Deep Permanent Green and Sap Green but the Sap Green isn't essential
• Cyprus Umber - Raw Umber
• Natural Ultramarine - Ultramarine (Cobalt would also work)
• Bone Black - I had Bone Black although I'm very sparing with the use of black

​Once I had assembled my colours, I made up the following variations according to de Piles' recommendations and stored them in my stay-wet palette.

LIGHT SHADES

Preparing the Flesh Tones

There are usually four light shades:

• L1. White + a little Yellow Ochre
• L2. White + vermilion + lake in very small quantities
• L3. Like 2 + a little more lake and vermilion
• L4. Like 3 + even more lake and vermilion

(You can also make a fifth shade even darker)
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HALFTONES

There are usually three halftones:

• HT1. White + some Yellow Ochre, some lake and a little ultramarine
• HT2. Like 1 with less white + more of other the three
• HT3. Like 2 but even less white + more of the other three

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SHADOWS

The shades for shadows start from the half­tones:

• S1. Yellow Ochre + lake + ultramarine (more yellow than other two)
• S2. Italian Sienna, lake + a little bone black​​

My acrylic fleshtone palette in action © Cherry Jeffs 2014

Chiaroscuro Flesh Palette in Action

It was fun and easy to paint the figure with this array of Chiaroscuro earth tones and I was really pleased with the result. For an even darker feel, I could have gone the whole Renaissance hog and underpainted with raw umber but for this piece I wanted to keep things a little lighter.

​Let me know in the comments if you have a go using a version of this chiaroscuro palette and how it works for you.
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Share a link to a picture of the finished work if you like - I'd love to see it!

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